Deforestation, the large-scale clearing of forests, is one of the most critical environmental issues facing the world today. Forests are vital to maintaining the Earth's ecological balance by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen, regulating temperatures, and providing habitats for countless species. However, excessive deforestation for agriculture, urbanization, and industrial purposes has caused severe consequences.
One of the most significant impacts of deforestation is its contribution to climate change. Trees act as carbon sinks, absorbing vast amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere. When forests are destroyed, this carbon is released back into the air, exacerbating global warming. Additionally, the loss of tree cover disrupts local weather patterns, often leading to desertification and more frequent natural disasters like floods and droughts.
Deforestation also poses a direct threat to biodiversity. Forests are home to about 80% of terrestrial animals, plants, and fungi. When their habitats are destroyed, countless species face extinction. For example, the orangutan population in Southeast Asia has declined drastically due to deforestation for palm oil plantations. This loss of biodiversity not only impacts ecosystems but also threatens human livelihoods, particularly those of indigenous communities that depend on forests for survival.
Beyond environmental and ecological impacts, deforestation has social and economic consequences. The removal of forests can lead to soil erosion, reducing agricultural productivity in the long term. Moreover, deforestation affects water cycles, depleting water resources essential for farming and drinking. In some cases, it displaces communities, forcing people to migrate in search of new livelihoods, which can lead to social unrest.
Despite these challenges, there is hope if swift actions are taken. Governments and organizations worldwide are implementing policies to combat deforestation, such as promoting sustainable farming practices, reforestation projects, and stricter regulations on logging. Public awareness and education are also essential in reducing the demand for products that contribute to deforestation, such as certain types of paper and non-sustainable palm oil.
Câu 53:
What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Deforestation is necessary for economic growth.
B. Deforestation has severe environmental, social, and economic consequences.
C. Efforts to stop deforestation have been largely successful.
D. Climate change is the only result of deforestation.
Câu 54:
In paragraph 2, what does “this carbon” refer to?
A. The carbon stored in the trees. B. The carbon released by factories.
C. The carbon absorbed by oceans. D. The carbon produced by animals.
Câu 55:
According to the passage, how does deforestation affect biodiversity?
A. It forces animals to migrate to urban areas.
B. It leads to the extinction of species by destroying habitats.
C. It increases the availability of resources for animals.
D. It encourages the growth of new species.
Câu 56:
In paragraph 4, what does the word “displaces” most likely mean?
A. Resettles people. B. Forces people to leave their homes.
C. Protects communities. D. Brings people together.
Câu 57:
Why does deforestation increase the risk of natural disasters?
A. It removes trees that act as natural barriers. B. It prevents rainfall in affected areas.
C. It increases soil fertility. D. It encourages excessive plant growth.
Câu 58:
How does deforestation affect indigenous communities?
A. It improves their living standards.
B. It deprives them of necessary resources.
C. It provides them with more land to cultivate.
D. It helps them modernize their practices.
Câu 59:
In paragraph 5, the word “promoting” most likely means:
A. Supporting. B. Ignoring. C. Preventing. D. Eliminating.
Câu 60:
Based on the passage, what is the most effective way to combat deforestation?
A. Relying on reforestation projects alone.
B. Combining policies, education, and sustainable practices.
C. Completely banning all forms of logging.
D. Allowing deforestation in urban areas only.
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