dothitrang259 12/30/2025 9:15:56 AM

The rapid development of industry has been a driving force behind economic growth worldwide, providing employment and improving living standards. [I]. From manufacturing to energy production, industries contribute significantly to modern society's infrastructure. [II]. Industrial activities release large amounts of greenhouse gases and pollutants, contaminate water sources, and contribute to deforestation. [III]. The damage inflicted by industry is now a major concern for scientists and policymakers alike, as it endangers ecosystems and public health. [IV].

One of the most pressing issues linked to industrial growth is air pollution. Factories and power plants release vast quantities of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and other harmful emissions into the atmosphere, fueling climate change and contributing to respiratory diseases in humans. Water pollution is equally severe, with toxic industrial waste often dumped into rivers and oceans, damaging marine life and contaminating water supplies. Furthermore, the heavy reliance on non-renewable resources, such as coal and oil, is taking a toll on natural resources, intensifying environmental degradation. Combined, these factors underscore the urgent need to address the environmental repercussions of industrial activities.

To mitigate these effects, industries must adopt sustainable practices that reduce their environmental impact. One effective approach is the transition to clean energy sources, such as solar and wind, which produce minimal emissions compared to fossil fuels. Another solution is the implementation of stricter waste management practices to prevent hazardous materials from contaminating water bodies. Additionally, investing in technology that improves energy efficiency in manufacturing processes can significantly reduce pollution. Governments can also enforce regulations that limit emissions and incentivize companies to adopt green practices, further promoting sustainable industrial development.

While these changes require substantial investment and collective effort, they are essential for the long-term health of our planet. By committing to sustainable practices, industries can balance growth with environmental responsibility, creating a future where both the economy and the natural world can thrive.

Question 31: Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?

However, this progress has come at a high cost to the environment.

A. [I]                        B. [II]                                C. [III]                                D. [IV]

Question 32: The phrase “taking a toll on” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by ____________.

A. causing damage to                                        B. keeping track of

C. taking advantage of                                D. making room for

Question 33: According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a consequence of industrial growth?

A. an increase in respiratory health issues                B. depletion of natural resources

C. harm to marine ecosystems                        D. decline in urban safety

Question 34: The word “minimal” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. optional                B. uttermost                        C. trivial                        D. adequate

Question 35: The word “their” in paragraph 3 refers to ____________.

A. effects                B. industries                        C. practices                        D. activities

Question 36: Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

A. Various industries produce more jobs, creating positive impacts on the economy, with minimal environmental effects if carefully managed.

B. Implementing sustainable practices in industries, including clean energy and efficient technology, helps reduce pollution and environmental harm.

C. Despite costly technology, industries' focus on environmental policies increases pollution, challenging governments to control emissions and hazardous waste.

D. Environmental benefits depend on switching to renewable energy sources and monitoring air pollution from industrial activities on a global scale.

Question 37: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Industrial development has led to an overall decrease in water pollution worldwide.

B. Scientists and policymakers see industrial emissions as an inevitable cost of economic growth.

C. Non-renewable resources like coal and oil have a minor impact on environmental degradation.

D. Governments are encouraged to implement policies that promote sustainable industrial practices.

Question 38: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. Not until these changes are implemented will the long-term health of our planet be achieved in spite of the high cost and individual effort.

B. Were these changes to be implemented for the long-term health of our planet, they would demand much investment or combined effort.

C. These changes are important for the long-term health of our planet despite demanding significant investment and combined efforts.

D. Because these changes are costly and require combined efforts, they are not vital for the long- term health of our planet.

Question 39: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Sustainable practices can enable industries to achieve both economic and environmental goals in the long term.

B. Industrial development will have limited economic benefits if sustainable practices are widely implemented.

C. The economy and the environment are unlikely to coexist if industries continue unsustainable practices.

D. Industries will face fewer regulatory challenges if they prioritize economic growth over environmental health.

Question 40: Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. Industrial growth enhances the economy, but government regulation alone can solve environmental issues caused by resource depletion.

B. Industrial activities have advanced the economy by creating jobs, yet these activities contribute heavily to pollution and resource depletion.

C. Industrial growth has driven economic development but has also caused significant environmental damage, leading to calls for more sustainable practices.

D. Industrial expansion has created opportunities for economic growth and better living standards, while environmentalists urge stricter pollution control.

20. THPT CHUYÊN KHOA HỌC TỰ NHIÊN 2025-2026 (LẦN 2)

 

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