camhuynh035 2/21/2025 4:50:29 PM

According to the International Ecotourism Society, ecotourism is travel that fosters environmental responsibility and local well-being. Visiting a rainforest doesn’t qualify unless it benefits the area, perhaps by creating jobs for locals or conserving the wildlife. The recognition is growing that environmental preservation and economic gain can coexist.  

Costa Rica has been leading the ecotourism movement for some time, and was voted the most popular destination by TripAdvisor.com in 2012. Its 1999 Certification for Sustainable Tourism (CST) program, adopted by the UN World Tourism Organization as a model for Latin America, highlights its pioneering efforts. Thanks to such efforts, over 25 percent of Costa Rica's land is covered in lush national parks. Its tourism industry generates over a billion dollars annually and provides employment for thousands.

Unfortunately, the "ecotourism" label is sometimes misused for profit. Unethical practices can harm the environment. One concern is that the overwhelming number of visitors, especially during peak season, negatively impacts the ecosystem. Ecotourists, drawn to rare flora and fauna, can inadvertently strain these fragile environments, even with good intentions. Another problem is human-animal interaction. At Costa Rican national parks, wild monkeys feed on visitors’ garbage and even aggressively steal food.

Controlling abuse isn't easy, either. In developing countries with low wages, corruption can lead officials to tolerate ecological damage. A large resort, normally prohibited near a sanctuary, might be allowed if the company bribes government officials. Limited resources are another issue - areas of forests and beaches requiring an army to protect are often watched by few employees.

(I) While tourists can adversely affect ecosystems, the same areas might have been totally destroyed by industries like farming, logging, or mining. (II) Tour guides can become educators who train people to love and care for the environment. (III) Witnessing the beauty of rainforests and rare wildlife at first hand can instill a sense of value that visitors hopefully carry home. (IV)

It is easy to be critical of the ecotourism industry. Nevertheless, recognizing the impossibility of zero impact and the inherent human desire to explore, we must focus on intensifying protection efforts to ensure undisturbed ecosystems, while potentially stressed, won’t be destroyed. 

         (Adapted from Active Skills for Reading 3)

Question 31. The word "it" in paragraph 1 refers to ______.

        A.visiting a rainforest                B. conserving the wildlife

        C. creating local jobs                D. fostering environmental responsibility

Question 32. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a change in Costa Rica since the introduction of ecotourism?

        A. Thousands of jobs have been created.        B. National parks have been established.

        C. Garbage has been eaten by monkeys.        D. Corruption level has been reduced.

Question 33. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

A. Ecotourism can have unintended negative consequences, such as overcrowding and disruptions to wildlife behavior.

B.Many ecotourists are too obsessed with such fragile ecosystems as rare animals and plants in high season.

C. That wild species forcefully steals food from tourists is a major concern for ecotourism destinations in Costa Rica.

D. Human beings should minimize the commercialization of ecotourism to protect nature and ensure sustainability.

Question 34. The word "inadvertently" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.

        A. rapidly        B. luckily        C. intentionally        D. dramatically

Question 35. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Few people are aware that ecotourism brings about monetary benefits.

B. Lack of human resources causes difficulty in controlling ecotourism abuses.

C. Both tourists and tour guides teach people about environmental protection.

D. CST program is the most popular among Latin American citizens.

Question 36. Where in paragraph 5 does the following sentence best fit?

"In this way, the children of future generations can learn respect for nature."

        A. (I)        B. (II)        C. (III)        D. (IV)

Question 37. The phrase "at first hand" in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by ______.

        A. indirectly        B. personally        C. realistically        D. originally

Question 38. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 6?

        A. Finding fault with ecotourism is commonplace.

        B. Protecting the wildlife is not challenging.

C. Criticizing the ecotourism industry is unexpected.

D. Staying positive about ecotourism is vital.

Question 39. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Corruption is a significant obstacle to effective ecotourism practices in some developed countries.

B. Ecotourism plays a fundamental role in educating tourists about environmental conservation.

C. A lot of people are keeping their eye on places of natural beauty such as forests or beaches.

D. Such industrial activities as logging or mining might cause irreversible damage to natural areas.

Question 40. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. Ecotourism has been successful in balancing environmental protection with economic growth, but challenges like overtourism and corruption threaten its sustainability.

B. While ecotourism offers economic benefits and environmental education, its potential negative impacts on fragile ecosystems and wildlife require careful management and regulation.

C. Costa Rica's ecotourism model, despite challenges like corruption and human-wildlife conflict, demonstrates the potential for sustainable tourism to benefit both nature and local communities.

D. Ecotourism, though often praised for its environmental and economic benefits, can have unintended consequences if not carefully managed, as evidenced by the challenges faced in Costa Rica.

 

32. THPT Chuyên Đại học Vinh - Nghệ An (Tốt nghiệp THPT 2025 môn Tiếng Anh)

 

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