(I) In recent years, social media platforms have become a central part of daily life, offering users countless ways to connect, share, and communicate. (II) While these platforms offer many advantages, experts have noted rising concerns about their effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Smith & Anderson, 2018). (III) Studies reveal that excessive social media use can contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, despite its intention to promote connection and social interaction (Twenge & Campbell, 2019). (IV)

A primary reason for these mental health concerns is the tendency for social media users to compare themselves to others. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook often portray idealized lifestyles, leading users to feel inadequate about their own lives. Additionally, the constant notifications and messages contribute to a "fear of missing out," or FOMO, which keeps individuals in a cycle of checking their phones, often reducing the quality of sleep and overall well-being.

There is also a growing body of research suggesting a link between social media use and decreased attention spans. When users frequently switch between apps and notifications, their ability to focus for extended periods may diminish (Rosen, 2019). This shift in attention can interfere with productivity, especially in academic and professional settings, where sustained focus is essential.

Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Some mental health professionals suggest limiting screen time and setting boundaries, such as "device-free" hours before bedtime. Others recommend engaging in offline activities, like reading or exercising, to minimize reliance on social media while fostering healthier habits. According to psychologists, such strategies can enhance mental resilience and allow for more meaningful, balanced relationships (Robinson & Smith, 2020).

Question 14.

The phrase "fear of missing out" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by_______.

        A. desire to know        B. longing to interact        C. aim of satisfaction        D. worry of exclusion

Question 15. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. Mental health professionals are solely responsible for regulating social media use.

B. Dependence on social media requires a combination of therapeutic techniques.

C. With consistent screen time, individuals can build healthier online habits.

D. A balanced approach is required to mitigate the harmful impacts of social media.

Question 16. The word "their" in paragraph 3 refers to_______.

        A. notifications        B. researchers        C. users        D. professionals

Question 17. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Notifications have a minor impact on users' attention spans.

B. Social media's primary effect is fostering productivity and interaction.

C. Offline activities can help improve mental health by limiting social media use.

D. Screen time restrictions are not necessary for mental health.

Question 18. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

        A. Balanced social media usage, along with offline activities, can reduce stress.

        B. Social media-related anxiety is often temporary and not very impactful.

C. FOMO and lack of attention are uncommon issues among young users.

D. Social media platforms generally have a positive influence on young users.

Question 19. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT an effect of social media on mental health?

        A. sleep disruption        B. fear of missing out        C. increased anxiety        D. improved self-esteem

Question 20. Where in paragraph I does the following sentence best fit?

Young people are particularly affected due to their high engagement with these platforms.

        A. (II)        B. (I)        C. (IV)        D. (III)

Question 21. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

A. Frequent notifications on social media can decrease users' attention spans and productivity.

B. Distractions from social media only affect students' performance negatively.

C. Social media contributes to concentration issues that affect users' academic achievements.

D. Notifications and app-switching harm the focus needed in professional environments.

Question 22. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. The use of social media helps improve relationships and communication but reduces the attention spans of its users.

B. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook serve as effective tools for social bonding, minimizing the effects of anxiety and low self-esteem.

C. Social media, despite its benefits, presents mental health risks like anxiety and distraction, particularly among young users, and managing screen time can mitigate these effects.

D. Social media is harmful to all users, causing loneliness and detachment, and must be restricted in all settings.

Question 23. The word "enhance" in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_______

        A. diminish        B. reinforce        C. intensify        D. appreciate

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