donghoma93 2/21/2025 4:13:27 PM

(I) The authors noted that while other forms of pollution are decreasing, noise pollution has been increasing. (II) This conclusion is reinforced by the fact that there has been an increase in the number of people who have been complaining about excessive noise in the WHO region. (III) Populations that are exposed to high noise levels can be afflicted by other symptoms such as: stress reactions, sleep-stage changes, and clinical symptoms like hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. (IV) All these impacts can contribute to premature mortality.

It is important to note that these adverse health problems impact all age groups including children and adolescents. In fact, it has been reported that children who live and or study in an area afflicted with noise pollution tend to suffer from stress, impairments in memory and attention as well as difficulty reading. “In Western Europe, the guidelines say, traffic noise results in an annual loss of at least one million healthy years”. Traffic noise is currently ranked second among environmental threats to public health.

The danger of noise pollution is more present to us when we are asleep. Because the human ear is so sensitive, it never rests, it is always working, picking up and transmitting sounds for our brains to interpret. This always on working process is where the danger lies, though you may be sleeping, sounds are still being picked up and processed.

The most common side effects of this phenomenon are sleep disturbance and tiredness, impaired memory, judgment, and psychomotor skills. The other more serious outcomes of this can be the triggering of the body’s acute stress response, which raises blood pressure and heart rate as the body and brain go into a state of hyperarousal. According to the European Environment Agency, at least 10,000 cases of premature deaths from noise exposure occur each year, although incomplete data mean this number is significantly underestimated.

Question 20. Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?

"Noise pollution is increasingly being recognized as a critical issue for public health."

        A. (III)        B. (II)        C. (I)        D. (IV)

Question 21. The word "afflicted" in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.

        A. suffering        B. burdened        C. relieved        D. affected

Question 22.

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?

Traffic noise is currently ranked second among environmental threats to public health.

A. Public health is most affected by traffic noise, which ranks second among all environmental issues.

B. Traffic noise is considered one of the top environmental factors affecting human health.

C. Environmental threats to health are dominated by traffic noise, which is listed as number one.

D. Among all environmental risks, traffic noise is regarded as the second most dangerous for public health.

Question 23. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

A. Noise can disturb sleep and cause stress, which may lead to serious health problems.

B. The human ear remains active even during sleep, leading to significant health risks due to our brains’ activities.

C. The European Environment Agency estimates that noise pollution causes a lot of premature deaths each year.

D. Noise pollution poses a greater threat to public health during the day compared to nighttime.

Question 24. The word "it" in paragraph 3 refers to ______.

        A. the danger        B. sound        C. side effect        D. human ear

Question 25. The word "hyperarousal" in paragraph 4 could best be replaced by ______.

        A. happiness        B. relaxation        C. worry        D. relief

Question 26. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a health problem caused by noise pollution?

        A. Respiratory diseases                B. Sleep-stage changes

        C. Hypertension                D. Impairments in memory

Question 27. What can be inferred from the passage about noise pollution?

A. Noise pollution primarily affects older adults.

B. Urbanization has completely eliminated other forms of pollution, leaving noise pollution as the only issue.

C. The number of premature deaths from noise pollution is likely higher than reported.

        D. People living in rural areas are unaffected by traffic noise.

Question 28.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Data on noise pollution’s health effects are complete and accurate.

B. The human ear becomes less sensitive while sleeping.

C. Noise pollution is the leading environmental threat to health in Western Europe.

D. Noise exposure during sleep can lead to increased blood pressure and heart rate.

Question 29. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Noise pollution is primarily caused by traffic and is limited to urban areas.

B. Noise pollution is only dangerous when people are asleep.

C. Noise pollution has serious effects on public health, including stress, cardiovascular diseases, and premature deaths.

        D. Noise pollution is the least recognized environmental threat but has severe impacts on health.

 

23. Sở giáo dục và đào tạo Vĩnh Phúc (Mã đề 901) (Tốt nghiệp THPT 2025 môn Tiếng Anh)