hwanggjunn 12/30/2025 9:57:36 AM

The idea of green living has become increasingly prominent as the world confronts worsening environmental challenges. Many people now view eco-friendly habits - such as reducing waste, saving energy, or choosing sustainable products - as essential markers of responsible citizenship. These behaviours are widely promoted in schools, workplaces, and media campaigns, suggesting that meaningful environmental progress begins with individual action. Yet researchers argue that while such choices contribute to public awareness, they often create an impression of effectiveness that far exceeds their actual impact. Real progress, they claim, depends less on personal lifestyle changes and more on coordinated reforms across industries and governments.

Companies have quickly recognised the commercial value of green living. [I] A growing number of brands advertise their products using terms like “eco-safe,” “green-approved,” or “low-carbon,” even when such claims remain only loosely supported by scientific evidence. Although these labels appeal to consumers who wish to make environmentally responsible decisions, they frequently provide little clarity about the product’s true footprint. This marketing trend - sometimes described as consumer-driven sustainability - has accelerated faster than any formal mechanism for checking its accuracy. [II] This creates an environment in which environmental responsibility appears widespread, even when actual production practices remain largely unchanged.

Another challenge arises from the narrative that environmental protection is primarily a matter of personal discipline. Advocates of green living often highlight the cumulative value of small actions, arguing that millions of responsible choices can help reshape environmental outcomes. While such actions play a role in creating a culture of sustainability, they can also distract attention from the sectors that generate the majority of emissions. [III] In this way, green living may unintentionally shift responsibility onto individuals while allowing major polluters to avoid public scrutiny. Environmental experts warn that unless structural reforms are placed at the centre of sustainability agendas, lifestyle changes alone will fall short of the scale needed to address the crisis. [IV] Green-living, therefore, should be understood as a useful starting point - one that encourages civic participation and awareness - but not as a replacement for decisive policy and industrial change.

Question 31. According to paragraph 1, individual green habits ____________.

A. are promoted as the most effective solution to climate change

B. give a sense of contribution that may not match their real impact

C. have been proven to deliver large-scale environmental improvements

D. are rarely encouraged by schools and public institutions

Question 32. The word “they” in paragraph 1 refers to ____________.

A. researchers                B. campaigns                        C. choices                        D. challenges

Question 33. The word “clarity” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ____________.

A. accuracy                B. confidence                        C. certainty                        D. transparency

Question 34. Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?

A. Companies use green-themed labels to meet strict environmental standards.

B. Corporate green claims often lack verification, leaving consumers misinformed.

C. Consumer-driven sustainability has reduced the need for government regulation.

D. Marketing transparency has improved as brands adopt eco-friendly practices.

Question 35. Which of the following is NOT stated as a feature of green marketing claims?

A. labels such as “eco-safe”                                B. limited scientific support

C. rapid expansion of eco-advertising                D. strict verification by authorities

Question 36. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A. Green living can accidentally place most of the environmental burden on the general public instead of holding major polluters accountable.

B. Green living ensures that individuals correct their habits before expecting major polluters to change theirs.

C. Green living suggests that environmental outcomes rely mainly on personal choices rather than demanding action from major polluters.

D. Green living limits how much attention the public pays to environmental issues caused by major polluters.

Question 37. According to the passage, advocates of green living often claim that ____________.

A. large-scale change depends mainly on government action

B. industries are responsible for the majority of emissions

C. small everyday actions can collectively make a difference

D. consumers should avoid buying green-certified products

Question 38. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. The absence of rigorous oversight has allowed environmentally themed claims to flourish largely unchecked.

B. Consumers are generally equipped to scrutinise green labels with the same precision as scientific evaluators.

C. Corporations seldom rely on ecological rhetoric because it offers little strategic advantage in competitive markets.

D. System-wide policy reforms are portrayed as secondary measures that merely complement individual behavioural shifts.

Question 39. Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?

"As a result, customers are often left to rely on vague slogans rather than verified information."

A. [I]                        B. [II]                                C. [III]                                D. [IV]

Question 40. Which of the following best summarises the whole passage?

A. The rising enthusiasm for green living shows that personal discipline is widely viewed as the foundation of environmental responsibility, regardless of broader political or industrial action.

B. Recent shifts in consumer behaviour demonstrate that lifestyle adjustments are now widely seen as the primary solution to environmental degradation, rendering larger policy reforms increasingly unnecessary.

C. Although individual environmental habits help cultivate public awareness, they remain insufficient unless matched by structural reforms that address the systemic forces driving ecological damage.

D. While green marketing reflects consumers’ growing desire for sustainable choices, its reliance on unverified claims exposes significant gaps in corporate accountability.

26. THPT LÊ VIẾT THUẬT - NGHỆ AN 2025-2026 (LẦN 2)

 

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