Unit 3: GREEN LIVING
A-VOCABULARY
Vocabulary |
Type |
IPA |
Vietnamese meaning |
|
(noun) |
/ˈiː.kəʊˌtʊə/ |
Du lịch sinh thái |
|
(noun) |
/əˈweə.nəs/ |
Sư nhận thức |
|
(noun) |
/ˈkɑː.bən ˈfʊt.prɪnt/ |
Dấu chân carbon |
|
(adj) |
/ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/ |
Hiệu quả |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/kliːn ʌp/ |
Dọn dẹp |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/θrəʊ əˈweɪ/ |
Vứt đi |
|
(verb) |
/ˌdiː.kəmˈpəʊz/ |
Phân hủy |
|
(noun) |
/dʒʌɡ/ |
Bình đựng |
|
(adj) |
/riːˈjuː.zə.bəl/ |
Có thể tái sử dụng |
|
(noun) |
/ˈeə kənˌdɪʃ.ən.ər/ |
Máy điều hòa |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/rʌʃ aʊt/ |
Lao ra |
|
(adj) |
/ˌiː.kəʊ ˈfrend.li/ |
Thân thiện với môi trường |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/bi əˈweər ɒv/ |
Nhận thức về |
|
(noun) |
/weɪst/ |
Rác thải |
|
(noun) |
/ˈlænd.fɪl/ |
Bãi rác |
|
(noun) |
/ˈpæk.ɪ.dʒɪŋ/ |
Bao bì |
|
(noun) |
/kənˈteɪ.nər/ |
Đồ chứa |
|
(noun) |
/ˈliː.kɪŋ tæp/ |
Vòi nước bị rò rỉ |
|
(noun) |
/ˈplæs.tɪk bæɡ/ |
Túi nhựa |
|
(adj) |
/ˌriːˈsaɪ.klə.bəl/ |
Có thể tái chế |
|
(noun) |
/ˈkɑːd.bɔːd bɒksɪz/ |
Thùng carton |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/ɡɛt rɪd ʌv/ |
Loại bỏ |
|
(noun) |
/ˈven.dɪŋ məˈʃiːn/ |
Máy bán hàng tự động |
|
(noun) |
/ˈleftˌəʊ.vər/ |
Thức ăn thừa |
|
(adj) |
/kənˈtæm.ɪ.neɪ.tɪd/ |
Bị ô nhiễm |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/rɪns aʊt/ |
Xối nước, rửa sạch |
|
(verb) |
/rɪˈdjuːs/ |
Giảm |
|
(verb) |
/ˌriːˈjuːz/ |
Tái sử dụng |
|
(verb) |
/ˌriːˈsaɪ.kəl/ |
Tái chế |
|
(noun) |
/ˈkɒm.pɒst/ |
Phân hữu cơ |
|
(noun) |
/ˈleɪ.ər/ |
Tầng, lớp |
|
(noun) |
/fruːt piːl/ |
Vỏ trái cây |
|
(noun) |
/paɪl/ |
Đống |
|
(noun) |
/məˈtɪə.ri.əlz/ |
Vật liệu |
|
(phrase) |
/ɪn ðə lɒŋ rʌn/ |
Về lâu dài |
|
(noun) |
/ˈfɜː.tɪ.laɪ.zər/ |
Phân bón |
|
(noun) |
/ˈwaɪld.faɪər/ |
Cháy rừng |
|
(noun) |
/ˈfaɪə.wɜːk dɪsˈpleɪ/ |
Trình diễn pháo hoa |
|
(noun) |
/pəˈluː.tənt/ |
Chất gây ô nhiễm |
|
(noun) |
/ˌbæmˈbuː strɔː/ |
Ống hút tre |
B-GRAMMAR
I- Verbs with prepositions.
+ Nhiều động từ đi kèm với một giới từ theo sau là một tân ngữ. Nghĩa của hai từ này thường giống với nghĩa gốc của động từ.
about |
ask about (hỏi về), care about (quan tâm về), talk about (nói về), think about (nghĩ về), learn about (học về), worry about (lo lắng về), complain about (phàn nàn về) |
for |
ask for (yêu cầu), apply for (nộp đơn xin), apologize for (xin lỗi về), wait for (chờ đợi), prepare for (chuẩn bị cho), search for (tìm kiếm), pay for (trả tiền cho), hope for (hy vọng về) |
on |
agree on (đồng ý về), base on (dựa trên), depend on (phụ thuộc vào), rely on (dựa vào), focus on (tập trung vào), insist on (khăng khăng), count on (dựa vào) |
to |
introduce to (giới thiệu với), refer to (tham khảo), respond to (đáp lại), listen to (lắng nghe), explain to (giải thích cho), belong to (thuộc về), lead to (dẫn đến), contribute to (đóng góp cho) |
in |
participate in (tham gia vào), succeed in (thành công trong), engage in (tham gia vào), invest in (đầu tư vào), result in (dẫn đến), specialize in (chuyên về) |
with |
agree with (đồng ý với), deal with (giải quyết), provide with (cung cấp), help with (giúp đỡ với), cope with (đối phó với), charge with (buộc tội) |
at |
look at (nhìn vào), laugh at (cười nhạo), stare at (nhìn chằm chằm), aim at (nhắm vào), excel at (xuất sắc về), guess at (đoán) |
from |
benefit from (hưởng lợi từ), suffer from (chịu đựng), recover from (hồi phục từ), resign from (từ chức), graduate from (tốt nghiệp), borrow from (mượn từ), prevent from (ngăn chặn) |
of |
think of (nghĩ về), approve of (tán thành), consist of (bao gồm), dispose of (xử lý), accuse of (buộc tội), remind of (nhắc nhở về), take care of (chăm sóc) |
Trong một số trường hợp, một động từ và một giới từ được kết hợp để tạo thành một cụm động từ (hai từ). Nghĩa của cụm động từ thường rất khác với nghĩa gốc của động từ chính.
Cụm động từ |
Nghĩa tiếng Việt |
work out |
tập luyện, giải quyết, tính toán |
carry out |
thực hiện, tiến hành |
turn on |
bật (thiết bị) |
turn off |
tắt (thiết bị) |
look for |
tìm kiếm |
look after |
chăm sóc |
look up |
tra cứu, cải thiện |
break down |
hỏng hóc, suy sụp |
bring up |
nuôi dưỡng, đề cập đến |
come across |
tình cờ gặp |
come up with |
nghĩ ra, phát minh ra |
get along with |
hòa hợp với |
get over |
vượt qua |
give up |
từ bỏ |
go on |
tiếp tục |
hold on |
chờ đợi, giữ máy |
look forward to |
mong chờ |
put off |
hoãn lại |
run out of |
hết, cạn kiệt |
set up |
thiết lập, sắp xếp |
take off |
cất cánh, cởi ra |
take up |
bắt đầu một sở thích, chiếm chỗ |
throw away |
ném đi, vứt bỏ |
turn down |
từ chối |
II. Relative clauses referring to a whole sentence.
Chúng ta có thể sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định để chỉ tất cả các thông tin trong mệnh đề trước đó. Loại mệnh đề này được giới thiệu bằng đại từ quan hệ "which"với một dấu phẩy trước "which".
Ex: The book was very interesting, which made it hard to put down.
C-PRACTICE
PRONUNCIATION |
E1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. competition B. relative C. develop D. energy
Question 2: A. carbon B. common C. produce D. compost
Question 3: A. decompose B. decorate C. dedicate D. decade
Question 4: A. convenience B. confident C. container D. contaminated
Question 5: A. head B. instead C. great D. health
Question 6: A. rinse B. machine C. pile D. wind
E2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 7: A. notice B. reduce C. impress D. propose
Question 8: A. awareness B. efficient C. decompose D. develop
Question 9: A. hotel B. habit C. landfill D. cardboard
Question 10: A. behaviour B. automatic C. sustainable D. material
Question 11: A. refill B. package C. display D. invite
Question 12: A. organize B. atmosphere C. leftovers D. recycle
Question 13: A. compost B. household C. layer D. cuisine
Question 14: A. manage B. propose C. release D. affect
Question 15: A. balloon B. firework C. lantern D. ticket
VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR |
E3. Complete the sentences using the words in the box.
waste landfill packaging container ecotour habit electricity plastics |
Question 1: Our school organized an _______ to educate students about environmental conservation.
Question 2: It is important to properly dispose of _______ to avoid polluting the environment.
Question 3: Single-use _______ are a major source of pollution and should be avoided.
Question 4: Instead of using plastic bags, use a reusable _______ for your groceries.
Question 5: Reducing _______ by choosing products with minimal _______ can help protect the environment.
Question 6: Making a _______ of recycling can contribute to a cleaner planet.
Question 7: Using less _______ in our daily lives can help decrease pollution and conserve resources.
Question 8: Much of our household trash ends up in a _______ where it can take years to decompose.
E4. Complete the sentences using the words in the box.
reuse recycle reduce sort decompose waste package display |
Question 1: We should always try to _______ items like glass jars and plastic containers instead of throwing them away.
Question 2: It's important to _______ our household garbage into categories like paper, plastics, and organic materials.
Question 3: To minimize our environmental impact, we need to _______ the amount of single-use products we consume.
Question 4: Organic materials like food scraps and leaves will _______ over time and can be turned into compost.
Question 5: We can _______ materials like paper, plastic, and metal to create new products.
Question 6: The _______ of a product can sometimes be more harmful to the environment than the product itself.
Question 7: During the Earth Day event, students _________ their projects on renewable energy and sustainable practices.
Question 8: We should not _______ food by letting it spoil or throwing it away unnecessarily.
E5. Complete the sentences using the words in the box.
compost leftover pile peel footprint cardboard household layer |
Question 1: Reducing our carbon _______ can help combat climate change and protect the environment.
Question 2: Instead of throwing away _______ boxes, you can recycle them or use them for crafts.
Question 3: We can turn our kitchen scraps into _______ to enrich the soil in our garden.
Question 4: You can add fruit _______ to your compost bin along with other organic materials.
Question 5: Properly sorting our _______ waste can help reduce the amount of waste that goes to landfills.
Question 6: When making a compost bin, it's important to add a _______ of brown materials like dried leaves.
Question 7: Instead of wasting _______ food, consider using it for another meal or donating it.
Question 8: To start composting, create a _______ of organic materials like vegetable scraps and garden waste.
E6. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 1: To minimize your carbon footprint, you should _______ the use of single-use plastics.
A. increase B. maintain C. ignore D. reduce
Question 2: The _______ of a product includes the emissions produced during its manufacture, transportation, and disposal.
A. life cycle B. carbon footprint C. value chain D. environmental impact
Question 3: When moving houses, people often use _______ boxes to pack their belongings.
A. cardboard B. plastic C. wooden D. metal
Question 4: Schools can organize events where students _______ school grounds and learn about recycling.
A. clean up B. search for C. prepare for D. use up
Question 5: Organic materials such as _______ can be turned into nutrient-rich compost for gardening.
A. plastic bottles B. fruit peel C. metal cans D. glass jars
Question 6: Using a _______ to store leftovers helps reduce food waste.
A. bag B. container C. microwave D. oven
Question 7: Items like glass and metal should not be thrown into the _______ because they do not break down easily.
A. pond B. compost C. landfill D. layer
Question 8: An _______ product is designed to have minimal impact on the environment.
A. contaminated B. disposable C. eco-friendly D. wasteful
Question 9: When organic waste is left to _______, it turns into compost, which is great for gardens.
A. boost B. decompose C. spoil D. decay
Question 10: One effective way to lower your carbon footprint is to use _______ instead of driving.
A. an airplane B. a bicycle C. a motorcycle D. a boat
Question 11: _______ waste from the kitchen, like vegetable scraps and coffee grounds, can be composted instead of thrown away.
A. Industrial B. Household C. Medical D. Chemical
Question 12: Do not put _______ materials in your compost bin as they can harm the composting process.
A. contaminated B. eco-friendly C. organic D. natural
Question 13: It’s better to use _______ containers for your lunch instead of plastic wrap.
A. single-use B. reusable C. disposable D. biodegradable
Question 14: Using cloth napkins instead of paper ones will save money in the long _______ and help the environment.
A. walk B. pile C. run D. waste
Question 15: After a party, there was a huge _______ of garbage that needed to be sorted for recycling.
A. pile B. leftover C. packaging D. bar
Question 16: We can _______ glass jars for storing spices and other kitchen items.
A. recycle B. dispose C. decompose D. reuse
Question 17: To make sure your compost pile works effectively, add a _______ of green materials followed by brown materials.
A. layer B. peel C. mould D. waste
Question 18: Properly managing _______ at home can lead to a cleaner environment and less pollution.
A. pipe B. waste C. finance D. chore
Question 19: To reduce waste, you should avoid buying products with excessive _______.
A. packaging B. peeling C. covering D. boxing
Question 20: Before recycling a plastic bottle, make sure to _______ out it to remove any residue.
A. wash B. rinse C. clean D. empty
Question 21: Schools can help _______awareness by organizing campaigns and activities that teach students about green living.
A. raise B. promote C. increase D. enhance
Question 22: Instead of throwing away _______, try to incorporate them into your next meal.
A. scraps B. waste C. leftovers D. peels
Question 23: It is important to _______ your reusable water bottle to avoid buying new plastic ones.
A. refill B. bury C. dispose D. empty
Question 24: Make sure to rinse _______ all glass jars before placing them in the recycling bin.
A. in B. with C. out D. to
Question 25: Using _______ friendly bags instead of single-use ones can greatly reduce pollution.
A. environment B. environmental C. environmentalist D. environmentally
Question 26: Many household items are full _______ plastics, which can be harmful to the environment if not disposed of correctly.
A. on B. for C. with D. of
Question 27: Improper disposal of hazardous waste can _______ contamination of soil and water.
A. make sure B. lead to C. agree on D. take note
Question 28: Schools and community groups can _______ a green lifestyle by organizing clean-up events and recycling programs.
A. deny B. protect C. control D. promote
Question 29: Green_______ can increase soil fertility without the need for chemical fertilisers.
A. material B. waste C. compost D. plant
Question 30: Always _______ sure that your waste is disposed of correctly to avoid pollution.
A. make B. get C. put D. take
Question 31: Reusable items like water bottles and shopping bags help reduce _______ waste.
A. paper B. electronic C. plastic D. organic
Question 32: I deeply care _______ reducing my carbon footprint by adopting a green living lifestyle.
A. on B. about C. with D. at
Question 33: I'm planning to apply _______ a scholarship to further my studies in environmental science.
A. to B. for C. with D. of
Question 34: Our ability to reduce waste largely _________ on our commitment to recycling and reusing materials.
A. depends B. contributes C. concentrates D. aims
Question 35: To ________ a sustainable solution, we need to evaluate the environmental impact of our choices.
A. work out B. look up C. refer to D. base on
Question 36: Many people look _______eco-friendly alternatives to everyday products to reduce their carbon footprint.
A. after B. to C. up D. for
Question 37: It's important to learn ______ the different ways we can conserve energy at home.
A. up B. with C. about D. of
Question 38: Instead of _________ old clothes, consider donating them to charity or repurposing them.
A. taking away B. getting away C. throwing away D. going away
Question 39: We need to agree ________ a comprehensive plan to tackle climate change effectively.
A. with B. on C. for D. at
Question 40: We must prepare _______ the upcoming environmental conference by gathering all relevant data and research.
A. up B. down C. for D. with
Question 41: It's essential to wait _______ the right moment to plant trees to ensure they grow healthily.
A. up B. down C. for D. with
Question 42: Many communities rely _________ clean energy sources to reduce their carbon emissions.
A. on B. at C. for D. with
Question 43: I'd like to introduce you _______ a new app that helps track your carbon footprint.
A. of B. to C. on D. with
Question 44: Governments need to ________to climate change with urgent and effective policies.
A. contribute B. rely C. respond D. depend
Question 45: Let me explain _________ you how composting can significantly reduce household waste.
A. for B. to C. with D. on
Question 46: To _________ a successful recycling program, we need everyone's participation.
A. carry out B. work out C. apply for D. wait for
Question 47: Remember to ________ the lights when you leave the room to save energy.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
Question 48: You can look ________information on sustainable living practices online to get started.
A. for B. after C. with D. up
Question 49: We apologize _______ the lack of eco-friendly options in our product line and are working to improve this.
A. to B. for C. on D. with
Question 50: She began growing her own vegetables, ________provided fresh and organic produce.
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
READING |
E7. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Summer is (1)________ time of the year on plants and gardeners alike, (2)_______ makes it crucial to adopt green living practices to mitigate the harsh effects. The intense heat and reduced rainfall can stress plants, leading to higher water consumption and the need for more frequent care. Implementing sustainable gardening techniques, such as using drought-resistant plants and mulching, can significantly (3)________ water usage. These methods help retain soil moisture and protect plant roots from extreme heat. Additionally, installing drip irrigation systems ensures that water is delivered directly to the plant roots, minimizing evaporation and runoff.
Collecting rainwater is (4)________effective practice, providing a free and eco-friendly water source for gardens during dry spells. This not only conserves water but also reduces the demand on municipal water supplies. Composting kitchen scraps and yard waste enriches the soil naturally, reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. By adopting these green living strategies, gardeners can maintain lush, thriving gardens even during the challenging summer months, all while reducing their environmental footprint and (5)_______ to a healthier planet.
Reference: thewoodlandstownshipblog-environment
Question 1: A. more difficult B. the most difficult C. as difficult as D. less difficult
Question 1: A. which B. that C. who D. when
Question 3: A. reduce B. refill C. recycle D. reuse
Question 4: A. other B. another C. some D. many
Question 5: A. responding B. introducing C. contributing D. ignoring
E8. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
The EPA has numerous standards that furniture manufacturers must achieve in order to be considered a green product. In general, sustainable furniture is pieces that (1)_______ ethically, ideally from natural materials and without the use of synthetic chemicals or substances, and have been built to last. (2)_______ companies are even making furniture from recycled materials, slashing the amount of waste that can wind up in landfills as a result of the production or use of the product. To see if a piece of furniture was made sustainably, look for certifications on the company’s website from any of the following organizations: Cradle to Cradle, Better Cotton Initiative, Fair Trade USA, Forest Stewardship Council, Global Recycled Standard, OEKO-TEX and Tencel.
One place you may want to (3)________close attention to this is your mattress. After all, you spend a third of your life (4)________ your mattress, so choosing one that was made without harmful chemicals and with natural materials (aka an organic mattress) is smart. For a regular spring mattress, (5)_________ one certified by the Global Organic Textile Standard. For a foam mattress, look for one certified by the Global Organic Latex Standard.
Adapted from rd.com
Question 1: A. build B. built C. have built D. have been built
Question 2: A. Some B. Much C. Another D. Each
Question 3: A. put B. take C. get D. pay
Question 4: A. on B. in C. of D. with
Question 5: A. look up B. look for C. carry out D. work out
E9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Greenpeace is an international, non-profit organization with offices in more than forty countries throughout Asia, Europe, North and South America, and the Pacific. Its headquarters is in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Each office has its own board of directors and an agenda based on the unique needs of the region. Greenpeace representatives from around the world meet each year to discuss environmental issues and concerns of the global community. According to its website, “Greenpeace exists because this fragile earth deserves a voice. It needs solutions. It needs change. It needs action.” Greenpeace is committed to making the public aware of environmental abuses. It seeks change through creative, non-violent confrontations between activists and those responsible for harming the environment.
Greenpeace is currently working in six major areas where there is a significant threat to the environment. The first two areas address radiation and chemical contaminants. As its initial action against the nuclear test on Amchitka demonstrated, Greenpeace stands firm in its commitment to end the production and use of nuclear weapons. It also aims to eliminate toxic chemicals that are released into the environment.
The third area of concern is the threat posed to the environment by genetically engineered food ingredients, which cause irreversible biological pollution and many types of health risks. In 2002, Greenpeace published the True Food Guide. This helps consumers to select their foods by rating food companies according to their willingness to use genetically engineered ingredients in their products.
A fourth item on the Greenpeace agenda is the protection of marine life. Of particular concern are commercial fishing practices that do not protect endangered species. Greenpeace is also engaged in educating the world community about the effects of global warming.
Finally, Greenpeace actively supports measures that will protect the remaining ancient forests of the world. With more than 80 percent of the world’s forests already gone, preserving what we have left seems more urgent than ever. In a recent victory, the Maisin people of Collingwood Bay, in Papua New Guinea, won a three-year legal struggle to deny loggers access to their land. Greenpeace played an important role in defending the interests of the Maisin in the court cas
Adapted from Reading for the Real World
Question 1: The passage primarily discusses ______.
A. the organizational structure of Greenpeace
B. the global presence and activities of Greenpeace
C. the history of Greenpeace's foundation
D. the future goals of Greenpeace
A. ingredients B. risks C. companies D. consumers
Question 2: The word “their” in the third paragraph refers to ______.
A. ingredients B. risks C. companies D. consumers
Question 3: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT one of the six major areas of Greenpeace's work?
A. Addressing radiation B. Eliminating toxic chemicals
C. Protecting endangered species D. Reducing deforestation
Question 4: The phrase "engaged in" in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.
A. focused on B. involved in C. indifferent to D. opposed to
Question 5: Based on the text, Greenpeace's approach to achieving change can be best described as ______.
A. confrontational and violent B. educational and peaceful
C. legislative and forceful D. innovative and solitary
E10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
Earth Hour is a worldwide movement organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). It aims to raise awareness about climate change and environmental issues by encouraging individuals, communities, and businesses to turn off non-essential electric lights for one hour, from 8:30 to 9:30 p.m. local time, on the last Saturday of March each year. The event began in Sydney, Australia, in 2007 and has since grown to involve millions of participants across more than 180 countries and territories.
The primary goal of Earth Hour is to highlight the urgent need for action on climate change. By switching off lights, participants send a powerful message about the importance of reducing energy consumption and the environmental impact of human activities. The symbolic gesture of turning off lights serves as a reminder of the small steps that can be taken to conserve energy and protect the planet.
Each year, landmarks and iconic buildings across the globe participate by turning off their lights. Famous structures such as the Eiffel Tower, the Sydney Opera House, and the Empire State Building have gone dark during Earth Hour, symbolizing global unity in the fight against climate change. This collective action not only raises awareness but also inspires communities to adopt sustainable practices in their daily lives.
In addition to turning off lights, Earth Hour is marked by various activities aimed at educating the public about environmental issues. These include community events, educational workshops, and initiatives to promote renewable energy sources, reduce waste, and protect natural habitats. By engaging communities, Earth Hour fosters a sense of responsibility and collective action towards a more sustainable future.
While Earth Hour has been successful in raising awareness, it also faces challenges. Critics argue that turning off lights for one hour is a symbolic act that may not lead to substantial environmental benefits. However, proponents of Earth Hour emphasize that the event's true value lies in its ability to mobilize people and initiate conversations about sustainability. Moving forward, Earth Hour aims to expand its impact by integrating more concrete actions and long-term commitments from participants. This includes encouraging individuals and organizations to adopt energy-efficient technologies, reduce carbon footprints, and support policies that promote environmental sustainability.
Earth Hour represents a powerful and unifying call to action in the global effort to combat climate change. By participating in this annual event, individuals and communities can demonstrate their commitment to protecting the planet and inspire others to take meaningful steps towards a sustainable future. As the movement continues to grow, Earth Hour serves as a beacon of hope and a reminder of the collective power of small actions in creating significant change.
Question 1: What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The history and origins of Earth Hour
B. The global impact and activities of Earth Hour
C. Criticisms and challenges faced by Earth Hour
D. The role of landmarks in Earth Hour
Question 2: In the passage, the word “highlight” is closest in meaning to ______.
A. undermine B. emphasize C. overlook D. ignore
Question 3: According to paragraph 5, the primary aim of Earth Hour is to ______.
A. reduce global energy consumption
B. promote the use of renewable energy
C. raise awareness about environmental issues
D. celebrate global landmarks
Question 4: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Earth Hour began in Sydney, Australia, in 2007.
B. Earth Hour involves turning off non-essential electric lights for one hour.
C. Earth Hour has received no criticism.
D. Earth Hour has inspired community activities and educational workshops.
Question 5: What can be inferred about Earth Hour from the passage?
A. It is primarily an event for governments and businesses.
B. It has had a significant impact on raising environmental awareness.
C. It has not faced any challenges or criticisms.
D. It focuses only on reducing electricity consumption.
SPEAKING |
Describe a way you try to live a greener life. You should say:
|
LISTENING |
E11. Listen to the audio and answer the questions.
Question 1: What do scientists agree is happening to the earth?
🡪 Scientists agree that the earth’s ________________________.
Question 2: What has to change if people accept climate change?
🡪 If people accept climate change, ________________________.
Question 3: Who is most likely to behave in a way that would slow down climate change?
🡪 People who ________________________ are most likely to change.
E12. Listen to the audio again and decide whether the following sentences are TRUE or FALSE:
Question 1: Scientists agree that the earth’s climate is changing.
Question 2: There are 97 scientists who agree with the opinion.
Question 3: Under ¾ of Americans believe that climate change is happening.
Question 4: It’s hard to agree that our behavior is spoiling the Earth.
Question 5: Natural disasters make people change their behavior.
WRITING |
In many countries, people are becoming more aware of the need to live a green lifestyle, yet the demand for products and services which are harmful to the environment continues to rise. What are the reasons for this, and what can be done to encourage people to adopt greener lifestyles?
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UNIT 1 LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
UNIT 2 LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
UNIT 3 LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
[12U4] LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
[12U5] LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
[12U6] LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
[12U6] LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
Unit 3: GREEN LIVING
A-VOCABULARY
Vocabulary |
Type |
IPA |
Vietnamese meaning |
|
(noun) |
/ˈiː.kəʊˌtʊə/ |
Du lịch sinh thái |
|
(noun) |
/əˈweə.nəs/ |
Sư nhận thức |
|
(noun) |
/ˈkɑː.bən ˈfʊt.prɪnt/ |
Dấu chân carbon |
|
(adj) |
/ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/ |
Hiệu quả |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/kliːn ʌp/ |
Dọn dẹp |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/θrəʊ əˈweɪ/ |
Vứt đi |
|
(verb) |
/ˌdiː.kəmˈpəʊz/ |
Phân hủy |
|
(noun) |
/dʒʌɡ/ |
Bình đựng |
|
(adj) |
/riːˈjuː.zə.bəl/ |
Có thể tái sử dụng |
|
(noun) |
/ˈeə kənˌdɪʃ.ən.ər/ |
Máy điều hòa |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/rʌʃ aʊt/ |
Lao ra |
|
(adj) |
/ˌiː.kəʊ ˈfrend.li/ |
Thân thiện với môi trường |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/bi əˈweər ɒv/ |
Nhận thức về |
|
(noun) |
/weɪst/ |
Rác thải |
|
(noun) |
/ˈlænd.fɪl/ |
Bãi rác |
|
(noun) |
/ˈpæk.ɪ.dʒɪŋ/ |
Bao bì |
|
(noun) |
/kənˈteɪ.nər/ |
Đồ chứa |
|
(noun) |
/ˈliː.kɪŋ tæp/ |
Vòi nước bị rò rỉ |
|
(noun) |
/ˈplæs.tɪk bæɡ/ |
Túi nhựa |
|
(adj) |
/ˌriːˈsaɪ.klə.bəl/ |
Có thể tái chế |
|
(noun) |
/ˈkɑːd.bɔːd bɒksɪz/ |
Thùng carton |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/ɡɛt rɪd ʌv/ |
Loại bỏ |
|
(noun) |
/ˈven.dɪŋ məˈʃiːn/ |
Máy bán hàng tự động |
|
(noun) |
/ˈleftˌəʊ.vər/ |
Thức ăn thừa |
|
(adj) |
/kənˈtæm.ɪ.neɪ.tɪd/ |
Bị ô nhiễm |
|
(phrasal verb) |
/rɪns aʊt/ |
Xối nước, rửa sạch |
|
(verb) |
/rɪˈdjuːs/ |
Giảm |
|
(verb) |
/ˌriːˈjuːz/ |
Tái sử dụng |
|
(verb) |
/ˌriːˈsaɪ.kəl/ |
Tái chế |
|
(noun) |
/ˈkɒm.pɒst/ |
Phân hữu cơ |
|
(noun) |
/ˈleɪ.ər/ |
Tầng, lớp |
|
(noun) |
/fruːt piːl/ |
Vỏ trái cây |
|
(noun) |
/paɪl/ |
Đống |
|
(noun) |
/məˈtɪə.ri.əlz/ |
Vật liệu |
|
(phrase) |
/ɪn ðə lɒŋ rʌn/ |
Về lâu dài |
|
(noun) |
/ˈfɜː.tɪ.laɪ.zər/ |
Phân bón |
|
(noun) |
/ˈwaɪld.faɪər/ |
Cháy rừng |
|
(noun) |
/ˈfaɪə.wɜːk dɪsˈpleɪ/ |
Trình diễn pháo hoa |
|
(noun) |
/pəˈluː.tənt/ |
Chất gây ô nhiễm |
|
(noun) |
/ˌbæmˈbuː strɔː/ |
Ống hút tre |
B-GRAMMAR
I- Verbs with prepositions.
+ Nhiều động từ đi kèm với một giới từ theo sau là một tân ngữ. Nghĩa của hai từ này thường giống với nghĩa gốc của động từ.
about |
ask about (hỏi về), care about (quan tâm về), talk about (nói về), think about (nghĩ về), learn about (học về), worry about (lo lắng về), complain about (phàn nàn về) |
for |
ask for (yêu cầu), apply for (nộp đơn xin), apologize for (xin lỗi về), wait for (chờ đợi), prepare for (chuẩn bị cho), search for (tìm kiếm), pay for (trả tiền cho), hope for (hy vọng về) |
on |
agree on (đồng ý về), base on (dựa trên), depend on (phụ thuộc vào), rely on (dựa vào), focus on (tập trung vào), insist on (khăng khăng), count on (dựa vào) |
to |
introduce to (giới thiệu với), refer to (tham khảo), respond to (đáp lại), listen to (lắng nghe), explain to (giải thích cho), belong to (thuộc về), lead to (dẫn đến), contribute to (đóng góp cho) |
in |
participate in (tham gia vào), succeed in (thành công trong), engage in (tham gia vào), invest in (đầu tư vào), result in (dẫn đến), specialize in (chuyên về) |
with |
agree with (đồng ý với), deal with (giải quyết), provide with (cung cấp), help with (giúp đỡ với), cope with (đối phó với), charge with (buộc tội) |
at |
look at (nhìn vào), laugh at (cười nhạo), stare at (nhìn chằm chằm), aim at (nhắm vào), excel at (xuất sắc về), guess at (đoán) |
from |
benefit from (hưởng lợi từ), suffer from (chịu đựng), recover from (hồi phục từ), resign from (từ chức), graduate from (tốt nghiệp), borrow from (mượn từ), prevent from (ngăn chặn) |
of |
think of (nghĩ về), approve of (tán thành), consist of (bao gồm), dispose of (xử lý), accuse of (buộc tội), remind of (nhắc nhở về), take care of (chăm sóc) |
Trong một số trường hợp, một động từ và một giới từ được kết hợp để tạo thành một cụm động từ (hai từ). Nghĩa của cụm động từ thường rất khác với nghĩa gốc của động từ chính.
Cụm động từ |
Nghĩa tiếng Việt |
work out |
tập luyện, giải quyết, tính toán |
carry out |
thực hiện, tiến hành |
turn on |
bật (thiết bị) |
turn off |
tắt (thiết bị) |
look for |
tìm kiếm |
look after |
chăm sóc |
look up |
tra cứu, cải thiện |
break down |
hỏng hóc, suy sụp |
bring up |
nuôi dưỡng, đề cập đến |
come across |
tình cờ gặp |
come up with |
nghĩ ra, phát minh ra |
get along with |
hòa hợp với |
get over |
vượt qua |
give up |
từ bỏ |
go on |
tiếp tục |
hold on |
chờ đợi, giữ máy |
look forward to |
mong chờ |
put off |
hoãn lại |
run out of |
hết, cạn kiệt |
set up |
thiết lập, sắp xếp |
take off |
cất cánh, cởi ra |
take up |
bắt đầu một sở thích, chiếm chỗ |
throw away |
ném đi, vứt bỏ |
turn down |
từ chối |
II. Relative clauses referring to a whole sentence.
Chúng ta có thể sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định để chỉ tất cả các thông tin trong mệnh đề trước đó. Loại mệnh đề này được giới thiệu bằng đại từ quan hệ "which"với một dấu phẩy trước "which".
Ex: The book was very interesting, which made it hard to put down.
C-PRACTICE
PRONUNCIATION |
E1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. competition B. relative C. develop D. energy
A. competition /,kɒmpə'tɪ∫ən/
B. relative /'rɛlətɪv/
C. develop /dɪ'vɛləp/
D. energy /'ɛnərdʒi/
Question 2: A. carbon B. common C. produce D. compost
A. carbon /'kɑrbən/
B. common /'kɒmən/
C. produce (verb) /prə'dju:s/
D. compost /'kɒmpɒst/
Question 3: A. decompose B. decorate C. dedicate D. decade
A. decompose /,di:kəm'poʊz/
B. decorate /'dɛkə,reɪt/
C. dedicate /'dɛdɪ ,keɪt/
D. decade /'dɛkeɪd/
Question 4: A. convenience B. confident C. container D. contaminated
A. convenience /kən'vi:niəns/
B. confident /'kɒnfɪdənt/
C. container /kən'teɪnər/
D. contaminated /kən'tæmɪneɪtɪd/
Question 5: A. head B. instead C. great D. health
A. head /hɛd/
B. instead /ɪn'stɛd/
C. great /greɪt/
D. health /hɛlθ/
Question 6: A. rinse B. machine C. pile D. wind
A. rinse /rɪns/
B. machine /mə'∫i:n/
C. pile /paɪl/
D. wind /wɪnd/
E2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 7: A. notice B. reduce C. impress D. propose
A. notice /'noʊtɪs/
B. reduce /rɪ'dju:s/
C. impress /ɪm'prɛs/
D. propose /prə'poʊz/
Question 8: A. awareness B. efficient C. decompose D. develop
A. awareness /ə'wɛrnəs/
B. efficient /ɪ'fɪ∫ənt/
C. decompose /,di:kəm'poʊz/
D. develop /dɪ'vɛləp/
Question 9: A. hotel B. habit C. landfill D. cardboard
A. hotel /hoʊ'tɛl/
B. habit /'hæbɪt/
C. landfill /'lændfɪl/
D. cardboard /'kɑrd,bɔrd/
Question 10: A. behaviour B. automatic C. sustainable D. material
A. behaviour /bɪ’heɪvjər/
B. automatic /,ɔtə'mætɪk/
C. sustainable /sə'steɪnəbəl/
D. material /mə'tɪriəl/
Question 11: A. refill B. package C. display D. invite
A. refill /,ri:'fɪl/
B. package /'pækɪdʒ/
C. display /dɪ'spleɪ/
D. invite /ɪn'vaɪt/
Question 12: A. organize B. atmosphere C. leftovers D. recycle
A. organize /'ɔ:rgə,naɪz/
B. atmosphere /'ætməs,fɪr/
C. leftovers /'lɛftoʊvərz/
D. recycle /ri'saɪkəl/
Question 13: A. compost B. household C. layer D. cuisine
A. compost /'kɒmpɒst/
B. household /’haʊshoʊld/
C. layer /'leɪər/
D. cuisine /kwɪ'zin/
Question 14: A. manage B. propose C. release D. affect
A. manage /'mænɪdʒ/
B. propose /prə'poʊz/
C. release /rɪ'lis/
D. affect /ə'fɛkt/
Question 15: A. balloon B. firework C. lantern D. ticket
A. balloon /bə'lun/
B. firework /'faɪər,wɜrk/
C. lantern /'læntərn/
D. ticket /'tɪkɪt/
VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR |
E3. Complete the sentences using the words in the box.
waste landfill packaging container ecotour habit electricity plastics |
Question 1: Our school organized an ecotour to educate students about environmental conservation.
(Trường học của chúng tôi đã tổ chức một chuyến _____du lịch sinh thái____ để giáo dục học sinh về bảo tồn môi trường.)
Question 2: It is important to properly dispose of waste to avoid polluting the environment.
(Điều quan trọng là phải xử lý đúng cách __chất thải __để tránh gây ô nhiễm môi trường.)
Question 3: Single-use plastics are a major source of pollution and should be avoided.
(Nhựa __dùng một lần __là một nguồn ô nhiễm chính và nên tránh.)
Question 4: Instead of using plastic bags, use a reusable container for your groceries.
(Thay vì sử dụng túi nhựa, hãy dùng __hộp chứa __tái sử dụng cho đồ tạp hóa của bạn.)
Question 5: Reducing waste by choosing products with minimal packaging can help protect the environment.
(Giảm chất thải bằng cách chọn các sản phẩm có __bao bì __tối thiểu có thể giúp bảo vệ môi trường.)
Question 6: Making a habit of recycling can contribute to a cleaner planet.
(Tạo thói quen __tái chế có thể góp phần vào một hành tinh sạch hơn.)
Question 7: Using less electricity in our daily lives can help decrease pollution and conserve resources.
(Sử dụng ít __điện __ hơn trong cuộc sống hàng ngày của chúng ta có thể giúp giảm ô nhiễm và bảo tồn tài nguyên.)
Question 8: Much of our household trash ends up in a landfill where it can take years to decompose.
(Phần lớn rác thải gia đình của chúng ta kết thúc ở một __bãi rác __ nơi nó có thể mất nhiều năm để phân hủy.)
E4. Complete the sentences using the words in the box.
reuse recycle reduce sort decompose waste package display |
Question 1: We should always try to reuse items like glass jars and plastic containers instead of throwing them away.
(Chúng ta nên luôn cố gắng __tái sử dụng______ các vật dụng như lọ thủy tinh và hộp nhựa thay vì vứt bỏ chúng.)
Question 2: It's important to sort our household garbage into categories like paper, plastics, and organic materials.
(Điều quan trọng là phải ___phân loại__ rác thải gia đình của chúng ta thành các loại như giấy, nhựa và vật liệu hữu cơ.)
Question 3: To minimize our environmental impact, we need to reduce the amount of single-use products we consume.
(Để giảm thiểu tác động đến môi trường, chúng ta cần phải __giảm __ số lượng sản phẩm dùng một lần mà chúng ta tiêu thụ.)
Question 4: Organic materials like food scraps and leaves will decompose over time and can be turned into compost.
(Các vật liệu hữu cơ như mảnh vụn thức ăn và lá cây sẽ __phân huỷ__theo thời gian và có thể được biến thành phân hữu cơ.)
Question 5: We can recycle materials like paper, plastic, and metal to create new products.
(Chúng ta có thể __tái chế __các vật liệu như giấy, nhựa và kim loại để tạo ra các sản phẩm mới.)
Question 6: The packaging of a product can sometimes be more harmful to the environment than the product itself.
(__bao bì __của sản phẩm đôi khi có thể gây hại cho môi trường nhiều hơn cả sản phẩm đó.)
Question 7: During the Earth Day event, students display their projects on renewable energy and sustainable practices.
(Trong sự kiện Ngày Trái Đất, các học sinh đã __trưng bày __các dự án của họ về năng lượng tái tạo và các thực hành bền vững.)
Question 8: We should not waste food by letting it spoil or throwing it away unnecessarily.
(Chúng ta không nên __thực phẩm bằng cách để nó hỏng hoặc vứt bờ không cần thiết.)
E5. Complete the sentences using the words in the box.
compost leftover pile peel footprint cardboard household layer |
Question 1: Reducing our carbon footprint can help combat climate change and protect the environment.
(Giảm __dấu chân __ carbon của chúng ta có thể giúp chống lại biến đổi khí hậu và bảo vệ môi trường.)
Question 2: Instead of throwing away cardboard boxes, you can recycle them or use them for crafts.
(Thay vì vứt bỏ các hộp __bìa cứng __, bạn có thể tái chế chúng hoặc sử dụng chúng cho các dự án thủ công.)
Question 3: We can turn our kitchen scraps into compost to enrich the soil in our garden.
(Chúng ta có thể biến các mảnh vụn nhà bếp thành __phân hữu cơ __để làm giàu đất trong vườn của chúng ta.)
Question 4: You can add fruit peel to your compost bin along with other organic materials.
(Bạn có thể thêm __vỏ____ trái cây vào thùng ủ phân của mình cùng với các vật liệu hữu cơ khác.)
Question 5: Properly sorting our household waste can help reduce the amount of waste that goes to landfills.
(Phân loại đúng cách chất thải __gia đình __của chúng ta có thể giúp giảm lượng chất thải được đưa vào bãi rác.)
Question 6: When making a compost bin, it's important to add a layer of brown materials like dried leaves.
(Khi làm thùng ủ phân, điều quan trọng là phải thêm một __lớp __vật liệu nâu như lá khô.)
Question 7: Instead of wasting leftover food, consider using it for another meal or donating it.
(Thay vì lãng phí thức ăn __thừa____, hãy cân nhắc sử dụng nó cho bữa ăn khác hoặc quyên góp nó.
Question 8: To start composting, create a pile of organic materials like vegetable scraps and garden waste.
(Để bắt đầu ủ phân, hãy tạo một __đống __các vật liệu hữu cơ như mảnh vụn rau và rác vườn.)
E6. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 1: To minimize your carbon footprint, you should _______ the use of single-use plastics.
A. increase B. maintain C. ignore D. reduce
To minimize your carbon footprint, you should _____ the use of single-use plastics. (Để giảm thiểu lượng carbon thải ra của bạn, bạn nên __việc sử dụng nhựa dùng một lần.)
- A. increase (tăng)
- B. maintain (duy trì)
- C. ignore (bỏ qua)
- D. reduce (giảm)
Correct Answer: D. reduce
Question 2: The _______ of a product includes the emissions produced during its manufacture, transportation, and disposal.
A. life cycle B. carbon footprint C. value chain D. environmental impact
The ___ of a product includes the emissions produced during its manufacture, transportation, and disposal. ( __ của một sản phẩm bao gồm lượng khí thải được tạo ra trong quá trình sản xuất, vận chuyển và xử lý.)
- A. life cycle (vòng đời)
- B. carbon footprint (dấu chân carbon)
- C. value chain (chuỗi giá trị)
- D. environmental impact (tác động môi trường)
Correct Answer: B. carbon footprint
Question 3: When moving houses, people often use _______ boxes to pack their belongings.
A. cardboard B. plastic C. wooden D. metal
When moving houses, people often use __boxes to pack their belongings. (Khi chuyển nhà, mọi người thường sử dụng hộp __ để đóng gói đồ đạc của họ.)
- A. cardboard (bìa cứng)
- B. plastic (nhựa)
- C. wooden (gỗ)
- D. metal (kim loại)
Correct Answer: A. cardboard
Question 4: Schools can organize events where students _______ school grounds and learn about recycling.
A. clean up B. search for C. prepare for D. use up
Schools can organize events where students __school grounds and learn about recycling. (Các trường học có thể tổ chức các sự kiện nơi học sinh __khuôn viên trường và học về tái chế.)
- A. clean up (dọn dẹp)
- B. search for (tìm kiếm)
- C. prepare for (chuẩn bị)
- D. use up (sử dụng hết)
Correct Answer: A. clean up
Question 5: Organic materials such as _______ can be turned into nutrient-rich compost for gardening.
A. plastic bottles B. fruit peel C. metal cans D. glass jars
Organic materials such as __can be turned into nutrient-rich compost for gardening. (Các vật liệu hữu cơ như __có thể được biến thành phân hữu cơ giàu dinh dưỡng cho làm vườn.)
- A. plastic bottles (chai nhựa)
- B. fruit peel (vỏ trái cây)
- C. metal cans (lon kim loại)
- D. glass jars (lọ thủy tinh)
Correct Answer: B. fruit peel
Question 6: Using a _______ to store leftovers helps reduce food waste.
A. bag B. container C. microwave D. oven
Using a __ to store leftovers helps reduce food waste. (Sử dụng một __ để lưu trữ thức ăn thừa giúp giảm lãng phí thực phẩm.)
- A. bag (túi)
- B. container (hộp chứa)
- C. microwave (lò vi sóng)
- D. oven (lò nướng)
Correct Answer: B. container
Question 7: Items like glass and metal should not be thrown into the _______ because they do not break down easily.
A. pond B. compost C. landfill D. layer