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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

Urban Green Spaces: A Necessity for Modern Cities

Access to nature has become increasingly important for urban populations. In recent years, urban green spaces have gained significant attention as vital components of city planning. Many city dwellers seek access to parks and gardens for recreational purposes and to improve their quality of life. Studies show that green spaces contribute positively to mental and physical health, providing a refuge from the concrete surroundings.

Urban areas often face challenges due to high population density and limited natural environments. Consequently, cities are increasingly recognizing the importance of integrating green areas into their development plans. Factors such as community gardens, rooftop gardens, and public parks can enhance urban biodiversity and provide essential habitats for various species.

Moreover, green spaces play a crucial role in mitigating urban heat and improving air quality. Trees and plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, which can help combat pollution. Additionally, they offer shade and cooling effects, making cities more livable during hot weather.

Despite the benefits, the creation and maintenance of urban green spaces are not without challenges. Limited land availability, budget constraints, and competing development interests can hinder the establishment of these areas. Nonetheless, with effective planning and community involvement, cities can develop sustainable green spaces that serve their residents well.

In conclusion, urban green spaces are essential for enhancing the well-being of city residents, improving environmental quality, and fostering community interaction. Prioritizing their development is crucial for building healthier and more sustainable urban environments.

(Adapted from IELTS Reading)

Question 1. In which paragraph does the writer mention examples of green urban space ?

A. Paragraph 3        B. Paragraph 2                        C. Paragraph 1                        D. Paragraph 4

Question 2. The word “mitigating” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. worsening                B. maintaining                        C. reducing                        D. balancing

Question 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Urban green spaces are only beneficial for wildlife.

B. All cities have successfully integrated green spaces.

C. Cities should prioritize green spaces despite development pressures.

D. Community gardens are ineffective in urban planning.

Question 4. The phrase “contribute positively” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by ____________.

A. help significantly                                        B. lead negatively

C. cause indifference                                        D. result in problems

Question 5. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a benefit of green spaces?

A. Increasing construction costs                        B. Enhancing biodiversity

C. Mitigating urban heat                                D. Providing recreational opportunities

Question 6. In which paragraph does the writer state the problems connected with establishing and keeping city green space?

A. Paragraph 2        B. Paragraph 3                        C. Paragraph 1                        D. Paragraph 4

Question 7. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. Urban green spaces are unimportant for city planning and so as effective planning.

B. There are no challenges in developing green spaces in cities around the world as there are effective planning and people involvement.

C. Green spaces are always easy to maintain in urban areas and thus can be achieved through planning and establishing.

D. Proper planning and urban dedication can lead to the creation of green urban spaces.

Question 8. The word “they” in paragraph 3 refers to ____________.

A. trees                B. people                        C. cities                        D. parks

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions.

Question 9.

a. These ongoing problems clearly highlight the urgent need for more effective urban planning and long term strategies to support sustainable development.

b. This rapid urban growth has attracted thousands of workers from nearby rural provinces seeking better opportunities.

c. Traffic congestion and housing shortages have now become major challenges that city authorities struggle to manage.

d. In recent years, the city center has witnessed a dramatic increase in high-rise buildings, shopping complexes, and new transport systems.

e. However, the pace of infrastructure development has not matched the growing demands of the population.

A. d-b-e-c-a                B. b-d-e-a-c                        C. d-e-b-c-a                        D. d-b-c-e-a

Question 10.

Hi Inika,

a. Although Fahim is also busy with the new job and we don't really have much spare time, we've spent every minute we got in the house and garden.

b. About what I've been doing since we last met, I have mostly been working on the new house and I'm quite occupied with work.

c. We had a bit sunshine this morning, so we made the most of it: I mowed the lawn, trimmed the hedge and watered the plants while Fahim finished painting the fence.

d. Sorry to hear you haven't been feeling well lately, but it's good that you've seen a doctor; I'm sure it's nothing serious.

e. I apologize if this email has been boring, but there really isn't much going on in our lives right now. Anyway, let's meet up soon.

Hadia

A. a-c-d-b-e                B. d-b-a-c-e                        C. b-e-a-d-c                        D. a-d-b-c-e

Question 11.

a. It is also true for young and middle-aged adults, as improved physical function helps them more easily accomplish the tasks of daily living.

b. This is true for older adults, for whom improved physical function reduces risk of falls and contributes to their ability to maintain independence.

c. Apart from improving physical function, physical activity may improve cognitive function among youth and adults.

d. Aspects of cognitive function that may be improved include memory, attention, executive function, and academic performance among youth.

e. Physical activity improves physical function among individuals of all ages, enabling them to conduct their daily lives with energy.

A. e-c-a-b-d                B. e-a-b-d-c                        C. e-d-a-c-b                        D. e-b-a-c-d

Question 12.

a. Mark: Hi, Nam! Thanks! You seem to be embracing AI in your work too! Have you been using AI tools a lot lately?

b. Nam: Hi, Mark! It's been a while since we last talked. You seem to be keeping up with technology so well!

c. Nam: Yes, I have! I use AI-powered applications every day to improve my productivity and stay updated on the latest trends. It's really transformed the way I work!

A. c-a-b                B. a-b-c                        C. c-b-a                        D. b-a-c

Question 13.

a. An: Have you heard about the fake milk scandal?

b. An: I hope they find a solution quickly to restore trust in the market.

c. Binh: It puts a real scare into parents trying to feed their children.

d. Binh: Yes, it’s shocking that nearly 600 brands were involved!

e. An: The authorities are working hard to identify and remove these products.

A. a - c - e - d - b        B. a - d - e - c - b                C. a - e - c - d - b                D. a - d - c - e - b

Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C and D on your answer sheer to indicate the option that best fit each of the numbered blanks.

AI Learning Assistant

"How will I study effectively? Will it be easy or will it be (14) ____________?" Are these the questions you often ask yourself before starting a (15) ____________. Well, that’s all about to change! A new educational technology has introduced a system (16) ____________ 'AI Learning Assistant'. Now you can personalize your learning experience and access resources with ease. When you begin your studies, you can explore a wide range of learning materials tailored to your needs. You’ll also (17) ____________ the opportunity to see what tools are available to enhance your learning process. Want (18) ____________ your writing or solve complex problems? Just ask the AI assistant! If you prefer to dive into interactive lessons or practice exercises, check out the AI-powered study platform. And if you’re looking to engage (19) ____________ discussions or ask questions, you can even interact with an AI tutor anytime!

Question 14. A. overwhelm                B. overwhelming                   C. overwhelmed                   D. overwhelmingly

Question 15. A. new journey learning                                 B. learning journey new

         C. new learning journey                                 D. learning new journey

Question 16. A. called                        B. was called                         C. which calls                        D. calling

Question 17. A. come                        B. make                        C. do                                D. have

Question 18. A. improving                B. to improve                        C. to improving                D. improve

Question 19. A. for                        B. to                                C. by                                D. in

Read the following passage about endangered languages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

(I) In recent years, social media platforms have become a central part of daily life, offering users countless ways to connect, share, and communicate. (II) While these platforms offer many advantages, experts have noted rising concerns about their effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Smith & Anderson, 2018). (III) Studies reveal that excessive social media use can contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, despite its intention to promote connection and social interaction (Twenge & Campbell, 2019). (IV)

A primary reason for these mental health concerns is the tendency for social media users to compare themselves to others. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook often portray idealized lifestyles, leading users to feel inadequate about their own lives. Additionally, the constant notifications and messages contribute to a "fear of missing out," or FOMO, which keeps individuals in a cycle of checking their phones, often reducing the quality of sleep and overall well-being.

There is also a growing body of research suggesting a link between social media use and decreased attention spans. When users frequently switch between apps and notifications, their ability to focus for extended periods may diminish (Rosen, 2019). This shift in attention can interfere with productivity, especially in academic and professional settings, where sustained focus is essential.

Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Some mental health professionals suggest limiting screen time and setting boundaries, such as "device-free" hours before bedtime. Others recommend engaging in offline activities, like reading or exercising, to minimize reliance on  social  media  while  fostering  healthier  habits. According  to  psychologists,  such  strategies can enhance mental resilience and allow for more meaningful, balanced relationships.

(Adapted from Mastering skills for TOEFL iBT)

Question 20. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. The use of social media helps improve relationships and communication but reduces the attention spans of its users.

B. Social media is harmful to all users, causing loneliness and detachment, and must be restricted in all settings.

C. Social media, despite its benefits, presents mental health risks like anxiety and distraction, particularly among young users, and managing screen time can mitigate these effects.

D. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook serve as effective tools for social bonding, minimizing the effects of anxiety and low self-esteem.

Question 21. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Social media-related anxiety is often temporary and not very impactful.

B. Social media platforms generally have a positive influence on young users.

C. FOMO and lack of attention are uncommon issues among young users.

D. Balanced social media usage, along with offline activities, can reduce stress.

Question 22. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. With consistent screen time, individuals can build healthier online habits.

B. Dependence on social media requires a combination of therapeutic techniques.

C. A balanced approach is required to mitigate the harmful impacts of social media.

D. Mental health professionals are solely responsible for regulating social media use.

Question 23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Offline activities can help improve mental health by limiting social media use.

B. Screen time restrictions are not necessary for mental health.

C. Social media's primary effect is fostering productivity and interaction.

D. Notifications have a minor impact on users' attention spans.

Question 24. The word "their" in paragraph 3 refers to ____________.

A. users                B. notifications                C. professionals                D. researchers

Question 25. Where in paragraph I does the following sentence best fit?

Young people are particularly affected due to their high engagement with these platforms.

A. (III)                        B. (IV)                                C. (I)                                D. (II)

Question 26. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

A. Distractions from social media only affect students' performance negatively.

B. Social media contributes to concentration issues that affect users' academic achievements.

C. Frequent notifications on social media can decrease users' attention spans and productivity.

D. Notifications and app-switching harm the focus needed in professional environments.

Question 27. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT an effect of social media on mental health?

A. fear of missing out                                        B. sleep disruption

C. improved self-esteem                                D. increased anxiety

Question 28. The word "enhance" in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____________.

A. diminish                B. reinforce                        C. intensify                        D. appreciate

Question 29. The phrase "fear of missing out" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by ____________.

A. longing to interact                                        B. aim of satisfaction

C. desire to know                                        D. worry of exclusion

Read the following passage about family day and and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Some holidays are celebrated in honor of family members like mothers or fathers. In Viet Nam, June 28th is a day for the whole family. (30) ____________. Its aim is to honour and spread traditional family values, and provide an opportunity for family members to get together, and also connect with their cultural roots. Viet Nam, as a nation, (31) ____________, with a profound emphasis on the enduring values of family loyalty and harmony. In Vietnamese culture, the family is viewed as a unit, and children are expected to demonstrate the utmost respect to their parents. Established on June 28th, 2001 by the Deputy Prime Minister, (32) ____________.

Various cultural activities are organised in cities all across Viet Nam. This year's celebrations are themed 'Peaceful Family, Happy Society', and include sports, cooking and singing contests. The event will also feature educational seminars on family values and parenting skills, as well as workshops on financial planning and career development. Families can participate in fun games and activities such as scavenger hunts, obstacle courses, and relay races (33) ____________. The highlight of the day will be a concert featuring popular local artists, where families can enjoy live music performances and spend quality time together. (34) ____________.

(Adapted from Friends Global)

Question 30.

A. Family Day is not an official national holiday, making it very popular and widely celebrated throughout the country

B. Being not an official holiday, Family Day is very popular and widely celebrated throughout the country