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Họ, tên thí sinh: .....................................................................

Số  báo  danh: ........................................................................

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A. B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

SUSTAINABLE LIVING: EVERY ACTION MATTERS!

Adopting sustainable practices in our daily lives can have a significant impact on the environment.  Here are (1)_______ insights to help you make a difference!

Statistics to Consider: Each year, billions of plastic items are discarded, a large portion of our waste. This not only fills landfills but also (2)_______aquatic ecosystems, harming marine wildlife.

Action Steps You Can Take:

• Start by minimizing your consumption. For example, (3)_____ reusable cutlery and plates instead of disposable ones.
• When shopping, seek brands that use sustainable materials, helping reduce your carbon footprint.
• (4)_______ waste properly by separating recyclables from general-waste, aiding the recycling-process.
• Choose fresh (5)_______ from local farmers' markets to support sustainable agriculture and reduce packaging waste.
• Encourage (6)_________ to adopt eco-friendly practices by sharing your journey and tips for living more sustainably.

(Adapted from Green Living Initiatives)

Question 1.

        A. any        B. other        C. each        D. some

Question 2.

        A. devastates        B. nourishes        C. conserves        D. enhances

Question 3.

        A. turn up        B. opt for        C. rely on        D. throw away

Question 4.

        A. Manage        B. Accumulate        C. Distribute        D. Utilize

Question 5.

        A. product        B. item        C. produce        D. outcome

Question 6.

        A. others        B. another        C. the other        D. other

Read the following passage and mark the letter A. B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Experts estimate that over 50% of the global population currently lives in cities, and by 2050, this percentage is expected to reach 70%. Megacities, (7)______, are becoming more common, and the concept of mega-regions, interconnected clusters of megacities, is also gaining prominence. These megacities often face challenges in accurately (8)_______. Examples of megacities include Sao Paulo, New York, and Tokyo, which is the largest megacity in the world.

China boasts the largest mega-region, consisting of megacities like Hong Kong, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou. (9)______, as seen in West Africa, where Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Ghana form a mega-region. These mega-regions hold significant economic power, with 66% of global economic activity and 85% of new technological and scientific advancements occurring within the 40 largest mega-regions. (10)_____.

In summary, urbanization continues to rise globally, with a majority of people living in cities. Megacities and mega-regions are becoming more prevalent, (11)_____

(Adapted from Reading Advantage)

Question 7.

A. defined like cities with over 10 millions people

B. defined as over 10 million people cities

C. defined as cities with over 10 million people

        D. defining cities with more than 10 million people

Question 8.

A. determining their population due to unclear boundaries and the inclusion of surrounding areas

B. determine their population due to the unclear boundaries and including surrounding areas

C. determined their population unclear due to boundaries and surrounding inclusion areas

D. determining their population because unclear boundaries and the including of surrounding areas

Question 9.

A. Therefore, mega-regions can span multiple countries

B. However, mega-regions can span multiple countries

C. Moreover, can mega-regions span countries multiple

D. In addition, mega-regions spans multiple countries

Question 10.

A. Despite this, less than 20% of the global population reside in these mega-regions

B. Despite this, less than 20% of the global populations resides in these mega-regions

C. Despite this, less than 20% of the global population resides in these mega-regions

        D. Despite this, less than 20% resides the global population in these mega-regions

Question 11.

        A. driving economic growth and technological advancements on a large scale

        B. drives economic growth and advancements technological on a large scale

C. driving economic grows and technological advancements on a large scale

D. driving economic growth and advancement technological at a large scale

Read the following passage about nomophobia and mark the letter A. B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

Nomophobia, short for "no-mobile-phone phobia," is a modern phenomenon that affects many people in today's digital age.

What is nomophobia? It is the irrational fear of being without one's mobile phone or being unable to use it. This condition can cause anxiety and distress, and it highlights the profound impact mobile devices have on our lives. The fear of losing or being separated from one's phone is a growing concern. Some common situations that trigger nomophobia include misplacing one's phone, running out of battery, or losing network signal. The fear intensifies when people imagine not having their phones to contact friends and family, access the internet, or use GPS for navigation.

Who easily suffers from nomophobia? Nomophobia is not limited to any age group and can affect individuals of all backgrounds. It often becomes evident when people experience panic or anxiety when they forget their phones at home or are unable to use them temporarily. Symptoms may include restlessness, rapid heartbeat, sweating, and a sense of insecurity.

The roots of nomophobia lie in the. convenience and connectedness that mobile phones provide. These devices have become integral to our daily lives, serving as not just communication tools but also cameras, entertainment hubs, personal organizers, and more. This dependence on mobile phones can lead to a feeling of vulnerability when separated from them.

Question 12. The word "distress" in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to______

        A. relief        B. anxiety        C. confusion        D. sadness

Question 13. Which of the following is NOT considered a common trigger of nomophobia?

A. Misplacing one's phone

B. Running out of battery

C. Losing network signal

D. Forgetting to update phone applications

Question 14. The pronoun "them" in paragraph 3 refers to_______

        A. people        B. mobile phones        C. symptoms        D. triggers

Question 15. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

A. Nomophobia is an issue that can affect anyone regardless of their background.

B. Only younger individuals are prone to experiencing nomophobia.

C. People who suffer from nomophobia tend to be from specific social groups.

D. Nomophobia affects people in similar ways regardless of age.

Question 16. The word "integral" in paragraph 4 is CLOSEST in meaning to_______

        A. fundamental        B. temporary        C. irrelevant        D. unnecessary        

Question 17. In which paragraph does the author describe the symptoms of nomophobia?

        A. Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2        C. Paragraph 3        D. Paragraph 4

Question 18. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

        A. Nomophobia is a recent condition caused by mobile phone overuse.

B. The symptoms of nomophobia include improved focus and attention.

C. Everyone experiences the same level of anxiety related to nomophobia.

D. Nomophobia is only present in high-tech, urban societies.

Question 19. In which paragraph does the author discuss the daily roles of mobile phones in people's lives?

        A. Paragraph 1        B. Paragraph 2        C. Paragraph 3        D. Paragraph 4

Read the following passage about climate change and mark the letter A. B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions.

(I) Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges of our time, affecting ecosystems, biodiversity, and human communities across the globe. (II) Scientists warn that unless greenhouse gas emissions are significantly reduced, the Earth's climate may experience irreversible damage. (III) The consequences of climate change are widespread, impacting weather patterns, agricultural productivity, and health conditions worldwide. (IV)

One of the primary causes of climate change is the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas, which releases large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. This gas traps heat, leading to a rise in global temperatures, a phenomenon known as global warming. Another major contributor is deforestation as trees play a critical role in absorbing CO₂. When forests are destroyed, that CO2 is released, adding to the atmosphere's greenhouse effect.

The impacts of climate change are already evident in various forms. Rising sea levels are causing coastal erosion and increasing the frequency of flooding, which endangers millions living in low-lying areas. Additionally, extreme weather events like hurricanes, droughts, and heatwaves are becoming more common and severe. These events not only damage infrastructure but also pose serious risks to human health and food security.

Addressing climate change requires a collaborative global response. Many governments have joined international agreements, like the Paris Agreement, aiming to limit global temperature rise and reduce emissions. However, it is crucial for individuals and businesses to also play a part by reducing their carbon footprint through actions such as conserving energy, reducing waste, and supporting renewable energy sources.

(Adapted from Climate and Human Impact)

Question 20. Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?

Rapid industrial-development and population growth have accelerated the accumulation of greenhouse gases.

        A. (I)        B. (II)        C. (III)        D. (IV)

Question 21. The phrase "traps heat" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by______

        A. absorbs energy        B. lets out warmth        C. reduces temperature        D. blocks sunlight

Question 22. The word "their" in paragraph 4 refers to________

        A. deforestation's                B. individuals and businesses'

        C. fossil fuel combustion's        D. greenhouse gases’

Question 23. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a cause of climate change?

        A. burning fossil fuels                B. rising sea levels

        C. deforestation                D. increased CO₂ levels

Question 24. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

A. The rising sea levels threaten coastlines and biodiversity.

B. Climate change is creating both environmental and human health challenges.

C. Increased CO₂ levels lead to more frequent weather disasters.

D. Global warming affects agriculture, health, and living conditions.

Question 25. The word "evident" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_______

        A. obscure        B. obvious        C. noticeable        D. clear

Question 26. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Industrialization has decreased the rate of greenhouse gas emissions.

B. Only governments can effectively reduce climate change effects.

C. Extreme weather events are becoming more frequent due to climate change.

        D. Climate change impacts are limited to environmental issues.

Question 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. An effective solution to climate change must involve collective efforts.

B. Limiting global warming will require individuals to take immediate action.

C. All people should participate in international climate agreements.

D. Each country must independently work on climate change solutions.

Question 28. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Deforestation may be more impactful than fossil fuels in causing climate change.

B. Without significant reductions in emissions, climate change consequences could become irreversible.

C. Coastal erosion primarily affects rural areas rather than urban areas.

D. Fossil fuel use is the sole reason for the current global warming trend.

Question 29. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

A. The increase in greenhouse gases, driven by industrial growth, is causing significant environmental challenges, calling for a cooperative global response.

B. Fossil fuels and deforestation are key causes of climate change, which governments can only address through international agreements.